Exam Code : ACCNS-AG
Exam Name : AACN Acute Care Clinical Nurse Specialist - Adult Gerontology
Vendor Name :
"Nursing"
Which of the following gastrointestinal disorders is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract?
Gastritis
Cirrhosis
Diverticulitis
Cholecystitis
Pancreatitis
Answer: A
Explanation: Gastritis is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract, particularly the stomach. Options B, C, D, and E are all gastrointestinal disorders but do not specifically involve inflammation of the digestive tract.
Which of the following endocrine disorders is caused by an insufficient production of insulin?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cushing's syndrome
Addison's disease
Hyperthyroidism
Answer: A
Explanation: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to an insufficient
production of insulin. Options B, C, D, and E are associated with other endocrine disorders but do not involve a primary deficiency in insulin production.
Which of the following conditions is characterized by impaired myocardial function and reduced cardiac output?
Atherosclerosis
Myocardial infarction
Arrhythmia
Heart failure
Angina pectoris
Answer: D
Explanation: Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands. It is often associated with impaired myocardial function and reduced cardiac output. Options A, B, C, and E are all related to cardiovascular health, but they do not specifically describe the condition of heart failure.
Which of the following hematological disorders is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells?
Anemia
Leukemia
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
Sickle cell disease
Answer: B
Explanation: Leukemia is a hematological disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells. Options A, C, D, and E are all related to hematological disorders but do not involve an abnormal increase in white blood cells.
Which of the following is considered a clinical judgment skill?
Administering medications
Assessing vital signs
Performing wound dressings
Analyzing patient data to make decisions
Documenting patient information
Answer: D
Explanation: Clinical judgment involves the ability to analyze and interpret patient data to make informed decisions about their care. Options A, B, C, and E involve specific tasks or procedures, but they do not directly address the critical thinking and decision-making skills necessary for clinical judgment.
Which of the following neurological conditions is characterized by progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord?
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Alzheimer's disease
Epilepsy
Stroke
Answer: C
Explanation: Alzheimer's disease is a neurological condition characterized by progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Options A, B, D, and E are all neurological conditions but do not specifically involve the degeneration of nerve cells seen in Alzheimer's disease.
Which of the following musculoskeletal conditions is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the joints?
Osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Gout
Fibromyalgia
Answer: C
Explanation: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the joints. Options A, B, D, and E are all musculoskeletal conditions but do not specifically involve inflammation and degeneration of the joints as seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Which of the following renal/genitourinary conditions is characterized by the formation of kidney stones?
Renal failure
Urinary tract infection
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Nephrolithiasis
Answer: E
Explanation: Nephrolithiasis refers to the formation of kidney stones. Options A, B, C,and D are all renal/genitourinary conditions, but they do not specifically involve the formation of kidney stones.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Airway inflammation
Increased lung compliance
Normal spirometry values
Increased peak expiratory flow rate
Improved exercise tolerance
Answer: A
Explanation: Airway inflammation is a characteristic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It leads to the narrowing of the airways and difficulty in breathing. Options B, C, D, and E are not consistent with the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of COPD.