Exam Code : APHN-BC
Exam Name : AHNCC Advanced Practice Holistic Nurse
Vendor Name :
"Nursing"
Which of the following theories emphasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment in shaping human development?
Psychodynamic theory
Behaviorist theory
Ecological systems theory
Cognitive development theory
Answer: C
Explanation: Ecological systems theory, proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner, emphasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment in shaping human development. It recognizes that individuals are influenced by multiple systems, including the microsystem (immediate environment), mesosystem (connections between microsystems), exosystem (indirect environmental settings), macrosystem (cultural values and societal norms), and chronosystem (historical context and time). This theory highlights the importance of considering the broader social and environmental influences on human development.
Which of the following best describes the concept of health systems thinking?
Focusing solely on individual health outcomes
Considering the interconnections and interactions within a complex health system
Implementing specific interventions without considering broader contexts
Relying on a hierarchical leadership structure
Answer: B
Explanation: Health systems thinking involves considering the interconnections and interactions within a complex health system. It recognizes that a health system is composed of various components, including healthcare providers, organizations, policies, and resources, and that these components are interconnected and impact each other. Health systems thinking emphasizes the need to understand the broader context and complexities of a health system to improve overall health outcomes. Focusing solely on individual health outcomes, implementing specific interventions without considering broader contexts, and relying on a hierarchical leadership structure do not encompass the concept of health systems thinking.
Which of the following best describes the role of education in public and community health?
Providing individualized healthcare services
Empowering populations and communities to make informed health decisions
Managing healthcare systems and organizations
Conducting research on public health issues
Answer: B
Explanation: The role of education in public and community health is to empower populations and communities to make informed health decisions. Education plays a crucial role in promoting health literacy, increasing awareness about health issues, and equipping individuals with the knowledge and skills to make healthy choices. Providing individualized healthcare services, managing healthcare systems and organizations, and conducting research are important components of public and community health but do not capture the primary role of education.
Which of the following is NOT a component of the assessment phase in public and community health nursing?
Collecting data on the health status of individuals and populations
Identifying health needs and priorities
Developing a comprehensive care plan
Analyzing data to identify health trends and patterns
Answer: C
Explanation: The assessment phase in public and community health nursing involves collecting data on the health status of individuals and populations, identifying health needs and priorities, and analyzing data to identify health trends and patterns. Developing a comprehensive care plan is part of the planning phase, not the assessment phase. It involves developing strategies and interventions based on the assessment findings to address the identified health needs and priorities.
Which of the following research designs is most appropriate for evaluating the effectiveness of a new community health intervention?
Case-control study
Cohort study
Cross-sectional study
Randomized controlled trial
Answer: D
Explanation: The most appropriate research design for evaluating the effectiveness of a new community health intervention is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In an RCT, participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group, allowing for a comparison between the two groups. This design helps to establish causality and determine whether the intervention leads to the desired outcomes. Case-control, cohort, and cross- sectional studies are also valuable research designs but may not be as suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.
Which of the following strategies aims to improve public and community health by addressing the social determinants of health?
Health education programs
Vaccination campaigns
Policy advocacy
Screening programs
Answer: C
Explanation: Policy advocacy is a strategy that aims to improve public and community health by addressing the social determinants of health. It involves advocating for policies and changes in the social, economic, and environmental conditions that influence health outcomes. Health education programs, vaccination campaigns, and screening programs are important public health strategies but may not directly address the underlying social determinants of health like policy advocacy does.
Which of the following is a key principle of epidemiology?
Randomization
Correlation
Bias
Incidence
Answer: D
Explanation: A key principle of epidemiology is the concept of incidence, which refers to the number of new cases of a disease or health condition that occurs in a population over a specific period of time. Incidence helps to measure the risk of developing a disease and is an important indicator for understanding the burden of diseases in populations. Randomization, correlation, and bias are also important concepts in epidemiology, but they do not represent the fundamental principle of epidemiology like incidence does.
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity?
Administering antibiotics to treat an infection
Providing counseling to manage chronic disease symptoms
Conducting regular cancer screenings
Implementing a smoking cessation program
Answer: D
Explanation: Implementing a smoking cessation program is an example of a primary prevention activity. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of disease or injury before it happens by addressing risk factors and promoting health behaviors. Administering antibiotics to treat an infection represents a secondary prevention activity, as it aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages. Providing counseling to manage chronic disease symptoms and conducting regular cancer screenings are examples of tertiary prevention
activities, which focus on minimizingthe negative impacts of an existing disease or condition.