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Nursing


APHN-BC


AHNCC Advanced Practice Holistic Nurse


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Which of the following theories emphasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment in shaping human development?


  1. Psychodynamic theory

  2. Behaviorist theory


    ognitive development theory wer: C

    anation: Ecological systems theory, proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner hasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment in ing human development. It recognizes that individuals are influenced iple systems, including the microsystem (immediate environment), osystem (connections between microsystems), exosystem (indirect onmental settings), macrosystem (cultural values and societal norms), nosystem (historical context and time). This theory highlights the rtance of considering the broader social and environmental influences an development.


    stion: 2


    ch of the following best describes the concept of health systems thinki

  3. Ecological systems theory

  4. C


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  1. Focusing solely on individual health outcomes

  2. Considering the interconnections and interactions within a complex health system

  3. Implementing specific interventions without considering broader contexts

  4. Relying on a hierarchical leadership structure Answer: B

omes, implementing specific interventions without considering broade exts, and relying on a hierarchical leadership structure do not encompa oncept of health systems thinking.


stion: 3


ch of the following best describes the role of education in public and munity health?


roviding individualized healthcare services

mpowering populations and communities to make informed health ions

anaging healthcare systems and organizations onducting research on public health issues


wer: B


anation: The role of education in public and community health is to

Explanation: Health systems thinking involves considering the interconnections and interactions within a complex health system. It recognizes that a health system is composed of various components, including healthcare providers, organizations, policies, and resources, and that these components are interconnected and impact each other. Health systems thinking emphasizes the need to understand the broader context and complexities of a health system to improve overall health outcomes. Focusing solely on individual health

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empower populations and communities to make informed health decisions. Education plays a crucial role in promoting health literacy, increasing awareness about health issues, and equipping individuals with the knowledge and skills to make healthy choices. Providing individualized healthcare services, managing healthcare systems and organizations, and conducting research are important components of public and community health but do not capture the primary role of education.


Which of the following is NOT a component of the assessment phase in public and community health nursing?


  1. Collecting data on the health status of individuals and populations

    eveloping a comprehensive care plan

    nalyzing data to identify health trends and patterns wer: C

    anation: The assessment phase in public and community health nursin ves collecting data on the health status of individuals and populations ifying health needs and priorities, and analyzing data to identify healt s and patterns. Developing a comprehensive care plan is part of the ning phase, not the assessment phase. It involves developing strategies ventions based on the assessment findings to address the identified he

    and priorities.


    stion: 5


    ch of the following research designs is most appropriate for evaluating tiveness of a new community health intervention?

  2. Identifying health needs and priorities

  3. D

  4. A


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  1. Case-control study

  2. Cohort study

  3. Cross-sectional study

  4. Randomized controlled trial Answer: D


stion: 6


ch of the following strategies aims to improve public and community h by addressing the social determinants of health?


ealth education programs accination campaigns olicy advocacy

creening programs wer: C

anation: Policy advocacy is a strategy that aims to improve public and munity health by addressing the social determinants of health. It invol cating for policies and changes in the social, economic, and environm itions that influence health outcomes. Health education programs, ination campaigns, and screening programs are important public healt

Explanation: The most appropriate research design for evaluating the effectiveness of a new community health intervention is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In an RCT, participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group, allowing for a comparison between the two groups. This design helps to establish causality and determine whether the intervention leads to the desired outcomes. Case-control, cohort, and cross- sectional studies are also valuable research designs but may not be as suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.


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strategies but may not directly address the underlying social determinants of health like policy advocacy does.


Question: 7


Which of the following is a key principle of epidemiology?

  1. Randomization

  2. Correlation

  3. Bias

  4. Incidence Answer: D

h refers to the number of new cases of a disease or health condition th rs in a population over a specific period of time. Incidence helps to ure the risk of developing a disease and is an important indicator for rstanding the burden of diseases in populations. Randomization, lation, and bias are also important concepts in epidemiology, but they epresent the fundamental principle of epidemiology like incidence doe


stion: 8

ch of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity? dministering antibiotics to treat an infection

roviding counseling to manage chronic disease symptoms onducting regular cancer screenings

mplementing a smoking cessation program wer: D

Explanation: A key principle of epidemiology is the concept of incidence, whic at

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Explanation: Implementing a smoking cessation program is an example of a primary prevention activity. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of disease or injury before it happens by addressing risk factors and promoting health behaviors. Administering antibiotics to treat an infection represents a secondary prevention activity, as it aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages. Providing counseling to manage chronic disease symptoms and conducting regular cancer screenings are examples of tertiary prevention

activities, which focus on minimizingthe negative impacts of an existing disease or condition.