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BONENT Certified Hemodialysis Nurse (CHN)
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What is the recommended procedure for achieving hemostasis of various internal blood accesses after dialysis?
Apply pressure with sterile gauze for 5 minutes
Apply a tourniquet above the access site
uture the access site closed wer: A
anation: The recommended procedure for achieving hemostasis of var nal blood accesses after dialysis is to apply pressure with sterile gauze nutes. Applying pressure helps to promote clot formation and prevent ding from the access site. Applying a tourniquet above the access site opriate as it may impede blood flow and cause complications. inistering a hemostatic agent or suturing the access site closed is not ally necessary for achieving hemostasis after dialysis and may increas
f infection or other complications.
are the AAMI Standards for Dialysate Supply Systems?
Administer a hemostatic agent
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What
Standards for regulating dialysis fluid flow rate
Standards for monitoring dialysis fluid temperature
Standards for maintaining dialysate composition and purity
Standards for disinfection of dialysis machines Answer: C
Explanation: The AAMI Standards for Dialysate Supply Systems are standards that ensure the maintenance of dialysate composition and purity. These standards define the acceptable ranges for various parameters, such as conductivity, pH, and endotoxin levels, in the dialysate used for hemodialysis.
hines?
odium hypochlorite (bleach) ydrogen peroxide
thanol
ll of the above wer: D
anation: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach), hydrogen peroxide, and ethan ommonly used disinfectants for cleaning dialysis machines. These fectants help to eliminate bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms
e present on the surfaces of the machine.
ch of the following is a correct technique for altering the composition ialysis bath?
Which of the following is a disinfectant commonly used for cleaning dialysis mac
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Whi of
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Adding medications directly to the dialysate
Adjusting the temperature of the dialysate
Modifying the dialysate flow rate
Increasing the dialyzer surface area Answer: A
ch of the following accurately describes the types of dialysis baths use odialysis?
cidic, alkaline, and neutral dialysis baths. ypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic dialysis baths.
ormal saline, glucose, and electrolyte-based dialysis baths. icarbonate-based, acetate-based, and citrate-based dialysis baths.
wer: D
anation: The types of dialysis baths used in hemodialysis treatments c gorized based on their chemical composition. The most common types bonate-based, acetate-based, and citrate-based dialysis baths. These b ain specific concentrations of bicarbonate, acetate, or citrate, which he tain the acid-base balance, electrolyte levels, and pH of the patient's b
Explanation: Adding medications directly to the dialysate is a correct technique for altering the composition of the dialysis bath. Certain medications or additives may be prescribed for specific patients to address their individual needs during dialysis. Adjusting the temperature of the dialysate is important for maintaining patient comfort but does not directly alter the composition of the bath. Modifying the dialysate flow rate and increasing the dialyzer surface area are not techniques for altering the composition of the dialysis bath.
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during the dialysis process. The choice of dialysis bath depends on the patient's specific needs and the recommendation of the healthcare provider.
What is the chemical composition of a dialysis bath?
Sterile water and electrolytes
Saline solution and glucose
Distilled water and bicarbonate
Sterile water and anticoagulant Answer: A
e water and electrolytes. These electrolytes, such as sodium, potassiu um, and bicarbonate, are carefully balanced to create a solution that cl mbles the composition of normal blood plasma.
is the purpose of monitors and alarms in dialysis fluid delivery syste measure patient's blood pressure
monitor dialysis fluid temperature
detect and alert for system errors or malfunctions regulate the flow rate of dialysis fluid
wer: C
anation: Monitors and alarms in dialysis fluid delivery systems are gned to detect and alert for system errors or malfunctions. They provid rtant safety features by monitoring various parameters, such as pressu
Explanation: The chemical composition of a dialysis bath typically consists of steril m,
calci osely
rese
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desi e
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temperature, and flow rates, and triggering alarms if any abnormalities are detected.
Which of the following accurately describes the purpose of priming and testing procedures for dialyzers?
Priming and testing procedures ensure the accurate measurement of blood pressure during dialysis.
Priming and testing procedures verify the chemical composition of dialysis fluid before it enters the dialyzer.
Priming and testing procedures remove air bubbles and ensure proper functioning of the dialyzer.
ugh the dialyzer. wer: C
anation: Priming and testing procedures for dialyzers are critical steps re the optimal functioning of the dialysis process. Priming involves ving air bubbles from the dialyzer and filling it with dialysis fluid. B nating air bubbles, priming ensures that the dialyzer can effectively fi atient's blood. Testing procedures, on the other hand, involve checkin eaks or malfunctions in the dialyzer before the dialysis treatment begi
These steps help maintain the integrity of the dialysis process and ensure t safety of the patient.
ch of the following accurately describes the purpose of disinfectants in ext of dialysis fluid delivery systems?
Priming and testing procedures regulate the flow rate of dialysis fluid thro
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Disinfectants are used to regulate the flow rate of dialysis fluid.
Disinfectants are used to neutralize abnormal functions in dialysis fluid delivery systems.
Disinfectants are used to eliminate bacteria and prevent contamination in dialysis fluid.
Disinfectants are used to alter the chemical composition of dialysis fluid.
ch of the following is a function of dialysis fluid delivery systems? egulating blood pressure
emoving waste products egulating blood sugar levels egulating electrolyte balance
wer: B
anation: The function of dialysis fluid delivery systems is to remove w ucts from the patient's blood. These systems allow for the exchange of es and fluid across a semipermeable membrane, facilitating the remov
products and excess fluid from the bloodstream.
Explanation: Disinfectants are an essential component of dialysis fluid delivery systems. Their primary purpose is to eliminate bacteria and prevent contamination of the dialysis fluid, ensuring the safety and well-being of the patient. By effectively neutralizing potential pathogens, disinfectants help maintain the integrity of the dialysis process and minimize the risk of infection.
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What are the potential problems and emergencies associated with the termination of dialysis?
Hypotension (low blood pressure)
Bleeding at the access site
Air embolism
Answer: D
ss site is not properly managed or if there is a clotting issue, and air olism can occur if air enters the bloodstream during the disconnection ialysis circuit.
ch of the following is not a function of monitors and alarms in dialysis delivery systems?
etecting air in the fluid lines
onitoring the temperature of the dialysate lerting to excessive pressure in the system djusting the flow rate of the dialysate
wer: D
anation: Monitors and alarms in dialysis fluid delivery systems serve
Explanation: The termination of dialysis can be associated with several potential problems and emergencies. These may include hypotension (low blood pressure), bleeding at the access site, and the risk of air embolism. Hypotension can occur due to rapid fluid removal, bleeding can occur if the acce
emb of
the d
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various functions to ensure the safety and proper functioning of the system. They detect air in the fluid lines to prevent air embolism, monitor the temperature of the dialysate to ensure it is within the acceptable range, and alert to excessive pressure in the system to prevent damage or injury to the patient. However, adjusting the flow rate of the dialysate is not a function of monitors and alarms. The flow rate is typically set manually by the healthcare provider based on the patient's needs and prescription.
What are the techniques for altering the composition of the dialysis bath?
Adjusting the concentration of electrolytes
Adding medications or supplements
ll of the above wer: D
anation: Techniques for altering the composition of the dialysis bath m de adjusting the concentration of electrolytes, adding medications or lements, and changing the pH of the solution. These techniques allow omization of the dialysis treatment to meet the specific needs of the pa
molysis occurs during the patient's dialysis treatment, which of the wing interventions would not be correct?
ontinue the dialysate flow
heck the patient’s hematocrit ransfuse blood if needed.
top the dialysate flow
Changing the pH of the solution
A
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inclu
supp for
cust tient.
If he follo
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C
T
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Answer: A
Explanation: Continuing the dialysate flow would not be the correct intervention if hemolysis occurs during the patient's dialysis treatment. Hemolysis refers to the breakdown of red blood cells, which can lead to the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream. If hemolysis occurs, it is important
ch of the following accurately describes the role of AAMI Standards f ysate Supply Systems?
AMI Standards provide guidelines for the use of disinfectants in dialy ly systems.
AMI Standards define the chemical composition of dialysate used in odialysis.
AMI Standards regulate the types of monitors and alarms used in dial ly systems.
AMI Standards establish safety and quality standards for the design a ation of dialysate supply systems.
wer: D
to stop the dialysate flow to prevent further damage to the patient's blood cells and to assess the situation. Checking the patient's hematocrit (the percentage of red blood cells in the blood) is a valid intervention to evaluate the extent of hemolysis. If severe hemolysis has occurred and the patient's blood volume is significantly reduced, transfusing blood may be necessary to restore the blood volume and prevent complications. However, the first step should be to stop the dialysate flow and assess the situation before determining the appropriate course of action.
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Explanation: AAMI Standards for Dialysate Supply Systems play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and quality of dialysis treatments. These standards set guidelines for the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of dialysate supply systems. By adhering to AAMI Standards, healthcare facilities can establish protocols that minimize the risk of complications and ensure consistent delivery of high-quality dialysis treatments.
What are the corrective actions for abnormal functions of dialysis fluid delivery systems?
Adjusting the flow rate
Checking for leaks
ll of the above wer: D
anation: Corrective actions for abnormal functions of dialysis fluid ery systems may include adjusting the flow rate, checking for leaks in m, and calibrating sensors. These actions help ensure the proper ioning of the system and accurate delivery of dialysis fluid to the pati
ch of the following is a recommended disinfectant for cleaning dialysi hines?
leach (sodium hypochlorite) ubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) ydrogen peroxide
mmonia
Calibrating sensors
A
Ans Expl
deliv the
syste
funct ent.
Whi s
mac
B
R
H
A
Answer: A
Explanation: Bleach (sodium hypochlorite) is a recommended disinfectant for cleaning dialysis machines. It is effective against a wide range of microorganisms and is commonly used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection. Rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) and hydrogen peroxide are
also commonly used disinfectants, but they are not typically recommended for cleaning dialysis machines due to their potential to damage certain components of the machine. Ammonia is not an appropriate disinfectant for dialysis machines.
evices used to measure blood pressure during dialysis lters used for removing waste products during dialysis onitors used to detect air bubbles in the dialysis circuit
evices used to warm the dialysis fluid before it enters the patient wer: B
anation: Dialyzers are filters used for removing waste products from t during dialysis. They consist of a semipermeable membrane that all assage of small molecules, such as waste products and excess fluid, w ning larger molecules, such as proteins and blood cells.
What are dialyzers?
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blood ows
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