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NCC Care of the Extremely Low Birth Weight Neonate
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A newborn is assessed using the Ballard Score and is determined to have a gestational age of 26 weeks. Which of the following physical characteristics would you expect to find in this neonate?
Smooth, pink skin and well-developed breast tissue
bundant lanugo and minimal sole creases wer: C
anation: A newborn with a gestational age of 26 weeks would exhibit dant lanugo (fine hair) and minimal sole creases. Well-formed extern alia and mature ear cartilage are characteristics seen in a term neonate oth, pink skin and well-developed breast tissue are indicative of a mor re neonate.
inimize the risk of infection in an extremely low birth weight neonate h of the following measures should be implemented?
imited use of central venous catheters dministration of prophylactic antibiotics
rict hand hygiene for all healthcare providers
Well-formed external genitalia and mature ear cartilage
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Answer: C
Explanation: Strict hand hygiene for all healthcare providers is a crucial measure to minimize the risk of infection in an extremely low birth weight neonate. It helps prevent the introduction and transmission of pathogens. While prophylactic antibiotics may be used in specific situations, they are not
routinely administered. The use of central venous catheters may be necessary for certain medical interventions but shouldbe limited to reduce the risk of infection.
ypoxemia yperoxemia ormoxemia
wer: A
anation: A PaO2 of 50 mmHg in an extremely low birth weight neona ates hypoxemia, which is a below-normal level of oxygen in the bloo eroxemia refers to an excessive level of oxygen in the blood, while moxemia indicates a normal oxygen level.
xtremely low birth weight neonate is at increased risk for patent ductu iosus (PDA) due to:
A blood gas analysis of an extremely low birth weight neonate reveals a PaO2 of 50 mmHg. This finding indicates:
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Premature closure of the ductus arteriosus
Immature development of the pulmonary artery
Increased pulmonary vascular resistance Answer: C
Explanation: An extremely low birth weight neonate is at increased risk for
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance. The high pulmonary vascular resistance in these neonates can lead to the persistence of the ductus arteriosus, resulting in a PDA. Premature closure of the ductus arteriosus is not a risk factor for PDA in this population, and the development of the pulmonary artery is not directly associated with PDA.
When transferring an extremely low birth weight neonate to another facilit h of the following transport methods is most appropriate?
mbulance with a neonatal transport team
elicopter transport with a specialized neonatal transport team arental transport with appropriate discharge instructions
wer: B
anation: Helicopter transport with a specialized neonatal transport tea ost appropriate method for transferring an extremely low birth weigh ate to another facility. This ensures the presence of experienced health iders and the availability of necessary equipment and monitoring duri ransport. Ambulance transport with a neonatal transport team may be ble for shorter distances, while parental transport is not recommended
specialized care required by the neonate.
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Which of the following feeding methods is most appropriate for an extremely low birth weight neonate?
Exclusive breastfeeding
Parenteral nutrition
Oral feeding with fortified breast milk Answer: C
ates, and parenteral nutrition is typically reserved for cases where ent ng is not feasible or contraindicated.
ch of the following interventions is essential for thermoregulation in a mely low birth weight neonate?
se of a radiant warmer dministration of intravenous fluids acement in an incubator
wer: A
anation: The use of a radiant warmer is essential for thermoregulation mely low birth weight neonate. Radiant warmers provide a controlled ce to maintain the neonate's body temperature. Intravenous fluids and
Explanation: Oral feeding with fortified breast milk is the most appropriate feeding method for an extremely low birth weight neonate. Breast milk provides optimal nutrition, and fortification ensures adequate caloric intake and nutrient supplementation. Exclusive breastfeeding may be challenging for these neon eral
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incubators may be used as supportive measures, but a radiant warmer is the primary intervention for maintaining thermal stability.
During delivery room management and stabilization of an extremely low birth weight neonate, the primary goal is to:
Maintain adequate thermoregulation
Establish effective respiratory support
Ensure early and consistent nutrition
anation: The primary goal during delivery room management and lization of an extremely low birth weight neonate is to establish effect ratory support. Ensuring a clear airway, providing proper ventilation, aging respiratory distress are crucial in the immediate postnatal period ntaining adequate thermoregulation and ensuring early and consistent tion are important secondary goals.
xtremely low birth weight neonate is at high risk for fluid and electrol lances due to:
mmature renal function
creased gastrointestinal absorption nhanced fluid retention
wer: A
Answer: B Expl
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Explanation: An extremely low birth weight neonate is at high risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to immature renal function. The neonate's kidneys are not fully developed, making it challenging to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Increased gastrointestinal absorption and enhanced fluid retention are not typically associated with extremely low birth weight neonates.