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NCC Certified - Neonatal Pediatric Transport
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Which of the following statements regarding respiratory physiology in neonates and infants is true?
Neonates have higher lung compliance compared to adults.
Infants have fully developed respiratory centers at birth.
wer: C
anation: Neonates rely primarily on diaphragmatic breathing. The neo ratory system is characterized by the predominant use of the diaphrag hing. The intercostal muscles are relatively immature and contribute l respiratory effort. As the neonate grows and develops, there is a gra owards increased intercostal muscle involvement in the respiratory
ess.
ch of the following factors affects drug pharmacokinetics in neonates a ts?
mmature hepatic and renal function
creased drug metabolism due to higher body surface area ecreased blood-brain barrier permeability
Neonates rely primarily on diaphragmatic breathing. Ans
Expl natal
respi m for
breat ess
to the dual
shift t proc
Whi nd
infan
I
In
D
Answer: A
Explanation: In neonates and infants, drug pharmacokinetics can be significantly influenced by immature hepatic and renal function. The metabolism and elimination of drugs are often reduced in these populations, leading to prolonged drug half-lives and increased drug exposure. This
necessitates careful consideration of appropriate dosing regimens and adjustments based on the individual patient's age, weight, and renal and hepatic function.
ecreased respiratory rate due to increased oxygen availability ecreased heart rate due to reduced gravitational forces ecreased blood pressure due to lower atmospheric pressure
wer: C
anation: During flight in neonatal and pediatric transport, there is a ease in blood pressure due to lower atmospheric pressure. The reduced spheric pressure at higher altitudes affects the partial pressure of oxyg lood, leading to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and subseq tension. This physiological change should be carefully monitored and aged during transport to ensure adequate perfusion to vital organs.
ch of the following mechanisms is essential for effective thermoregula
Which of the following is a physiological change that occurs during flight in neonatal and pediatric transport?
D
D
D
Ans Expl
decr
atmo en in
the b uent
hypo man
Whi tion
in neonates and infants?
Brown adipose tissue metabolism
Maternal body temperature regulation
Peripheral vasoconstriction Answer: A
Explanation: Brown adipose tissue metabolism is essential for effective thermoregulation in neonates and infants. Brown adipose tissue, which is more abundant in neonates, plays a crucial role in heat production through non- shivering thermogenesis. Activation of brown adipose tissue generates heat and helps maintain the body temperature of neonates and infants, who aremore susceptible to heat loss due to their high surface area-to-body mass ratio.
ch of the following is a key component of ensuring safety during neon ediatric transport?
ffective communication among the transport team members ransporting the patient without securing intravenous access isregarding the patient's clinical history during transport
wer: A
anation: Effective communication among the transport team members al component of ensuring safety during neonatal and pediatric transpo and concise communication facilitates coordination, minimizes error nsures that everyone involved is aware of the patient's condition, ong ventions, and any changes in the plan of care. It allows for prompt onse to potential emergencies and enhances overall patient outcomes.
Whi atal
and p
E
T
D
Ans
Expl is a
cruci rt.
Clear s,
and e oing
inter resp
During the management of invasive devices in neonatal and pediatric transport, which of the following procedures should be followed?
Routinely changing peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters every 24 hours
Using aseptic technique when accessing and maintaining central venous
catheters
Avoiding the use of securement devices for endotracheal tubes
Discontinuing umbilical artery catheters upon arrival at the receiving facility Answer: B
taining central venous catheters. This helps prevent infections and ens afety and effectiveness of the catheter.
ng neonatal resuscitation, which of the following is a key priority? aintenance of normoglycemia
rompt initiation of mechanical ventilation stablishment of effective ventilation and oxygenation
wer: C
anation: During neonatal resuscitation, the establishment of effective lation and oxygenation is a key priority. Ensuring adequate oxygenati entilation is crucial for the newborn's transition from intrauterine to uterine life. Prompt initiation of positive pressure ventilation and effe
Explanation: When managing invasive devices in neonatal and pediatric transport, it is essential to use aseptic technique when accessing and
main ures
the s
Duri
M
P
E
Ans Expl
venti on
and v
extra ctive
chest compressions, if needed, can help improve oxygenation and circulation, increasing the chances of a successful resuscitation.
Which of the following modes of mechanical ventilation is commonly used in neonatal and pediatric transport?
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV)
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Answer: B
onatal and pediatric transport. HFOV delivers small tidal volumes at h uencies, promoting lung recruitment and gas exchange. It is particularl ficial for patients with refractory respiratory failure or those requiring ctive strategies during transport.
onatal and pediatric respiratory physiology, which of the following ments is true regarding the differences between newborns and older ren/adults?
ewborns have higher lung compliance and lower airway resistance. ewborns have lower lung compliance and higher airway resistance. ewborns have similar lung compliance and airway resistance compare children/adults.
ewborns have smaller lung volumes but higher respiratory rates.
wer: B
Explanation: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is commonly used in ne igh
freq y
bene lung
prote
In ne state child
N
N
N d to
older
N
Ans
Explanation: Newborns have lower lung compliance and higher airway resistance compared to older children/adults. This is primarily due to the structural immaturity of the neonatal lung and the smaller size of the airways.
Which of the following invasive devices requires meticulous management during neonatal and pediatric transport?
Central venous catheter
Non-invasive blood pressure monitor
anation: The central venous catheter (CVC) requires meticulous agement during neonatal and pediatric transport. Proper care and toring of the CVC, including regular inspection for signs of infection, ring secure fixation, and avoiding dislodgment or accidental removal, ntial to prevent complications such as bloodstream infections or cathet ciated thrombosis.
ch of the following is a legal and ethical consideration in neonatal and atric transport?
onsent for transport from parents or legal guardians dministration of medications without parental consent ithholding information from parents about the transport process
wer: A
Nasogastric tube Answer: A
Expl man moni
ensu are
esse er-
asso
Whi pedi
C
A
W
Ans
Explanation: In neonatal and pediatric transport, obtaining consent for transport from parents or legal guardians is a crucial legal and ethical consideration. The transport of a child involves inherent risks, and it is essential to ensure that parents or legal guardians are adequately informed about the transport process, potential risks, and benefits. Obtaining consent promotes shared decision- making and respects the autonomy and rights of parents or legal guardians.