Exam Code : CCN
Exam Name : CNCB Certified Clinical Nutritionist
Vendor Name :
"Medical"
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The hypermetabolic state accompanying infection, injury or burns is characterized by:
10% decrease in BMR
Increased gluconeogenesis
Decreased glycogenolysis
Increased ketosis
The hypermetabolic state accompanying infection, injury, or burns is characterized by increased gluconeogenesis. Increased gluconegenesis occurs to raise blood glucose to meet the high energy demands of healing, which can raise the BMR by as much as 100%. Glycogenolysis is also increased to raise blood glucose, but ketosis is suppressed, because of hormonal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Stomatis is treated with which of the following dietary interventions?
Supplementation with iron
Clear liquid diet
Avoidance of acidic and spicy foods
A & C
Stomatis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. It may be caused by iron deficiency, in which case it is treated with iron supplementation. The usual dietary regimen is avoidance of acidic and spicy foods.
Low-salt syndrome may be caused by:
Extreme sodium restriction due to congestive heart failure
Decreased glomerular filtration rate
Adrenal gland insufficiency
All of the above
Low-salt syndrome is occasionally seen in individuals with congestive heart failure who are being treated with severe sodium restriction. It may also be caused by decreased glomerular filtration rate in renal disease, and by adrenal gland insufficiency, both of which affect the body’s ability to retain sodium.
Fluid needs are highest in which group?
Infants less than 12 months of age
Elderly greater than 80 years of age
Children 5-10 years of age
Lactating women
Fluid needs are highest in infants less than 12 months of age, due to the small size of their kidneys and inability to retain large amounts of water. Fluid needs in young infants are about 150 ml/kg body weight per day, as compared to adults who require about 30-35 ml/kg body weight.
The primary immunoglobulin in human breast milk is:
Beta lymphocytes
IgM antibody
Iron-binding lactoferrin
Secretory IgA
The primary immunoglobulin in human breast milk is secretory IgA, which protects the infant gastrointestinal tract from infection caused by many pathogens. Beta lymphocytes are produced by the bone marrow and provide humoral
immunity, while IgM antibody is involved in allergic response to antigens. Iron- binding lactoferrin is a protein which slows the growth of bacteria in the infant gut; its action is secondary to that of secretory IgA.