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Question: 1

Which renal condition is characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function, resulting in the buildup of waste products and fluid imbalances in the body?

1. Glomerulonephritis

2. Renal failure

   
   

   rinary tract infection (UTI)

   
   

   wer: B

   
   

   anation: Renal failure, also known as kidney failure, is a renal conditi h the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste products from and maintain fluid balance. It can be caused by various factors, incl

   nic diseases and certain medications.

   
   

   stion: 2

   
   

   ch pulmonary condition is characterized by the inflammation and owing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughin hortness of breath?

   
   

   hronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) sthma

   Kidney stones

3. U

Ans

Expl on in

whic the

blood uding

chro

Que

Whi

narr g,

and s

1. C

2. A

3. Pneumonia

4. Pulmonary embolism

Answer: B

inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.

Question: 3

arkinson's disease ultiple sclerosis

myotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) lzheimer's disease

wer: C

anation: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Geh se, is a neurological disorder that affects nerve cells responsible for olling voluntary muscles. It leads to muscle weakness, difficulty spea lowing, and breathing, and eventually paralysis.

stion: 4

ch gastrointestinal condition is characterized by the inflammation and ation of the inner lining of the colon and rectum?

Which neurological condition is characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis?

1. P

2. M

3. A

4. A

Ans

Expl rig's

disea

contr king,

swal

Que

Whi ulcer

1. Gastritis

2. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

3. Crohn's disease

4. Ulcerative colitis

Explanation: Ulcerative colitis is a gastrointestinal condition that causes inflammation and ulcers in the inner lining of the colon and rectum. It is a type of inflammatory bowel disease and can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding.

Question: 5

oplastic conditions, the term "carcinoma" refers to a malignant tumor nating from which type of tissue?

uscle tissue onnective tissue pithelial tissue ervous tissue

wer: C

anation: Carcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from epithelial tissu h is the tissue that lines the internal and external surfaces of the body. mples of carcinomas include breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon can

stion: 6

ch type of dementia is characterized by the formation of abnormal prot

In ne origi

1. M

2. C

3. E

4. N

Ans

Expl e,

whic

Exa cer.

Que

Whi ein

deposits called amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain?

1. Frontotemporal dementia

2. Vascular dementia

3. Lewy body dementia

4. Alzheimer's disease

Explanation: Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits, specifically amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, in the brain. It leads to progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and changes in behavior and personality.

lity/decline in health status can be associated with which of the follo itions?

ll of the above alnutrition achexia

railty wer: A

anation: Debility or decline in health status can be associated with var itions, including frailty, malnutrition, and cachexia. Frailty refers to a creased vulnerability and decreased physiological reserve, while utrition and cachexia are conditions characterized by weight loss, mus ing, and weakness.

stion: 8

Question: 7

Debi wing

cond

1. A

2. M

3. C

4. F

Ans

Expl ious

cond state

of in

maln cle

wast

Que

Which hepatic condition is characterized by the inflammation and scarring of the liver, often caused by chronic alcohol abuse or viral infections?

1. Hepatitis A

2. Hepatitis B

3. Liver cancer

Answer: D

stion: 9

ch cardiac condition is characterized by the inability of the heart to pu gh blood to meet the body's needs?

yocardial infarction trial fibrillation ongestive heart failure ngina pectoris

wer: C

anation: Congestive heart failure is a cardiac condition in which the h able to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands. It results in ptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention.

Explanation: Cirrhosis is a hepatic condition characterized by the inflammation and scarring of the liver tissue. It is commonly caused by chronic alcohol abuse or viral infections like hepatitis B or C Cirrhosis can lead to liver dysfunction and various complications.

Que

Whi mp

enou

1. M

2. A

3. C

4. A

Ans

Expl eart

is un sym