Exam Code : CRNFA
Exam Name : NASC Certified Registered Nurse First Assistant
Vendor Name :
"Nursing"
Which of the following is an example of a macronutrient?
Vitamin C
Iron
Calcium
Carbohydrate
Answer: D
Explanation: Carbohydrate is an example of a macronutrient. Macronutrients are nutrients required by the body in large amounts to provide energy and support various physiological functions. They include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for the body and are found in foodssuch as grains, fruits, and vegetables.
Which of the following laboratory values is considered within the normal range for fasting blood glucose?
50 mg/dL
80 mg/dL
110 mg/dL
150 mg/dL
Answer: C
Explanation: A fasting blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is considered within the normal range. Fasting blood glucose is typically measured after an individual has not eaten or drunk anything except water for at least 8 hours. Normal fasting blood glucose levels generally range from 70 to 99 mg/dL,
although specific reference ranges may vary.
Which of the following is a key aspect of ensuring environmental safety in the operating room suite?
Proper hand hygiene
Regular equipment calibration
Adequate staffing levels
Appropriate waste disposal
Answer: A
Explanation: Proper hand hygiene is a key aspect of ensuring environmental safety in the operating room suite. Hand hygiene, including handwashing and the use of hand sanitizers, is crucial to prevent the spread of infection and maintain a sterile environment during surgical procedures.
Which component of the patient's medical history provides information about their past and current health status, including any chronic conditions, surgeries, or allergies?
Social history
Family history
Medication history
Past medical history
Answer: D
Explanation: Past medical history provides information about the patient's past
and current health status, including any chronic conditions, surgeries, or allergies. It helps healthcare providers understand the patient's medical background and identify potential risk factors or contraindications for certain treatments or interventions.
Which of the following patient interviewing techniques involves repeating the patient's words or phrases to show understanding and encourage further communication?
Open-ended questions
Reflective listening
Closed-ended questions
Non-verbal communication
Answer: B
Explanation: Reflective listening is a patient interviewing technique that involves repeating the patient's words or phrases to show understanding and encourage further communication. It is a valuable skill for building rapport, demonstrating empathy, and facilitating effective patient-provider communication.
Which of the following laboratory values is considered within the normal range for serum creatinine?
0.5 mg/dL
1.2 mg/dL
2.5 mg/dL
4.0 mg/dL
Answer: B
Explanation: A serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dL is considered within the normal range. Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function and is used to assess renal health. Normal values may vary slightly depending on the laboratory reference range, but in general, a range of 0.6 to 1.3 mg/dL is considered normal for adults.
Which of the following laboratory tests is commonly used to identify the presence of infectious microorganisms in a patient's specimen?
Complete blood count (CBC)
Liver function tests
Urinalysis
Microbial culture
Answer: D
Explanation: Microbial culture is commonly used to identify the presence of infectious microorganisms in a patient's specimen. This laboratory test involves inoculating the patient's specimen, such as blood, urine, or sputum, onto a culture medium that promotes the growth of microorganisms. After an incubation period, the cultured specimen is examined for the presence of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, which helps in diagnosing and guiding appropriate treatment for infectious diseases.
Which of the following diagnostic procedures is commonly used to visualize
the structures inside the joint, such as the knee or shoulder?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Echocardiography
Arthroscopy
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Answer: C
Explanation: Arthroscopy is a diagnostic procedure commonly used to visualize the structures inside a joint, such as the knee or shoulder. It involves inserting a thin, flexible tube called an arthroscope into the joint through a small incision. The arthroscope contains a camera and light source, allowing the healthcare provider to examine the joint's interior and diagnose any abnormalities or injuries.
Which of the following is an invasive diagnostic procedure commonly used to visualize the coronary arteries?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Echocardiography
Cardiac catheterization
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Answer: C
Explanation: Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure commonly used to visualize the coronary arteries. It involves threading a catheter through a blood vessel, usually from the groin or arm, and advancing it to the heart. Contrast dye is injected through the catheter to visualize the blood flow through the coronary arteries and identify any blockages or abnormalities.
Which of the following is a non-invasive procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the heart?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Cardiac catheterization
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
Bronchoscopy
Answer: A
Explanation: An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the heart. It measures the electrical activity of the heart by placing electrodes on the skin. The ECG provides information about the heart's rhythm, rate, and any abnormalities in the electrical conduction system.
Which of the following hemodynamic monitoring parameters provides an indirect measurement of left ventricular preload?
Central venous pressure (CVP)
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
Cardiac output (CO)
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
Answer: B
Explanation: Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) provides an indirect measurement of left ventricular preload. It is obtained by inflating a balloon-
tipped catheter positioned in the pulmonary artery until it wedges against the vessel wall. PAWP reflects the pressure within the left atrium and provides an estimate of the left ventricular filling pressure, which is an indicator of preload.
Which branch of science deals with the study of the structure and function of body parts?
Anatomy
Physiology
Microbiology
Pathophysiology
Answer: A
Explanation: Anatomy is the branch of science that deals with the study of the structure and function of body parts. It involves examining the different organs, tissues, and systems of the body and their relationships to one another. Understanding anatomy is crucial for healthcare professionals, as it provides the foundation for understanding how the body works and how diseases or conditions may impact its functioning.
During laser surgery, which of the following is one of the most crucial elements of determining how to adequately evacuate the smoke?
The color of the smoke plume.
The amount of the smoke plume produced.
How long the smoke plume lasts.
None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation: The amount of the smoke plume produced is one of the most crucial elements in determining how to adequately evacuate the smoke during laser surgery. The smoke plume is generated as a result of tissue vaporization, and it consists of gases, vaporized tissue, and other byproducts. Adequately evacuating the smoke is important to maintain visibility for the surgical team and prevent potential health hazards.
Which of the following is an example of a psychosocial issue that may impact a patient's surgical outcome?
Risk for infection
Financial resources
Electrolyte imbalance
Anemia
Answer: B
Explanation: Financial resources are an example of a psychosocial issue that may impact a patient's surgical outcome. Financial constraints or lack of resources can affect a patient's access to necessary healthcare services, medications, and post-operative care. It is important for healthcare professionals to consider the psychosocial factors that may influence a patient's overall well-being and adherence to the treatment plan.
Which of the following is a common method of hemodynamic monitoring used in critically ill patients?
Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis
Pulmonary function testing
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring
Answer: D
Explanation: Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is a common method of hemodynamic monitoring used in critically ill patients. It involves placing a catheter into a central vein, typically the superior vena cava, to measure the pressure within the right side of the heart. CVP monitoring provides information about the patient's fluid status and cardiac function.
Which of the following is an example of a non-invasive nursing assessment skill?
Auscultation of lung sounds
Insertion of a urinary catheter
Venipuncture for blood sampling
Suturing a wound
Answer: A
Explanation: Auscultation of lung sounds is an example of a non-invasive nursing assessment skill. It involves using a stethoscope to listen to the sounds produced by the lungs during breathing. Auscultation allows the nurse to assess the presence of abnormal lung sounds, such as crackles or wheezes, which can provide valuable information about a patient's respiratory status.
Which of the following is a branch of science that focuses on the study of drugs and their effects on the body?
Anatomy
Physiology
Microbiology
Pharmacology
Answer: D
Explanation: Pharmacology is the branch of science that focuses on the study of drugs and their effects on the body. It involves understanding how drugs interact with biological systems, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, side effects, and interactions with other substances. Pharmacology plays a crucial role in healthcare, as it informs the safe and effective use of medications to treat various diseases and conditions.