NCSBN-MACE Dumps
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NCSBN Medication Aide/Assistant Certification Examination (MACE)
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The buildup of medications in the systems of the elderly may cause toxicity. This may be the result of all of the following EXCEPT:
faster metabolism
inadequate absorption
mpaired excretion
wer: A
anation: In the elderly, various physiological changes can occur, inclu crease in liver and kidney function. These changes can lead to impaire rption, distribution, and excretion of medications, increasing the risk o cation buildup and toxicity. However, metabolism generally slows do ge, rather than speeding up. Therefore, faster metabolism is not a ty
of medication buildup in the elderly.
ch class of drugs directly affects the autonomic nervous system? nalgesics
holinergic agents
impaired distribution
i
Ans
Expl ding
a de d
abso f
medi wn
with a pical
cause Que Whi
A
C
Benzodiazepines
Adrenergic agents Answer: D
Explanation: Adrenergic agents directly affect the autonomic nervous system by stimulating or blocking adrenergic receptors. They can mimic or inhibit the
actions of the sympathetic nervous system.
Which of the following is a component of the central nervous system (CNS)?
Peripheral nerves
utonomic ganglia keletal muscles
wer: B
anation: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and s It is responsible for processing and integrating information received eripheral nervous system.
ch of the following is a common symptom of dysuria? ncreased urinary frequency
lood in urine
ain or discomfort during urination nability to control urination
Spinal cord
A
S
Ans
Expl pinal
cord. from
the p Que Whi
I
B
P
I
Answer: C
Explanation: Dysuria refers to pain or discomfort during urination. It is often associated with urinary tract infections, urinary stones, or inflammation of the urinary tract.
Which class of drugs enhances the effects of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in various functions, such as muscle contraction and memory?
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
holinergic agents wer: D
anation: Cholinergic agents, also known as cholinergic agonists, enha ffects of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in various functio as muscle contraction, cognition, and memory. These drugs can be us onditions such as Alzheimer's disease and myasthenia gravis.
ch class of drugs is used to treat overactive bladder (OAB) by relaxing der muscles?
lpha-adrenergic blocking agents eta-adrenergic blocking agents holinergic agents
nticholinergic agents
Anticholinergic agents
C
Ans
Expl nce
the e ns,
such ed to
treat c
Whi the
blad
A
B
C
A
Answer: D
Explanation: Anticholinergic agents, such as oxybutynin and tolterodine, are commonly used to treat overactive bladder (OAB). These drugs work by relaxing the bladder muscles, reducing bladder contractions, and relieving urinary urgency and frequency.
Which class of drugs is used to treat hypertension by blocking the effects of norepinephrine on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors?
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
holinergic agents
eta-adrenergic blocking agents wer: D
anation: Beta-adrenergic blocking agents, also known as beta-blocker to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) by blocking the effects of pinephrine on beta-adrenergic receptors. By doing so, they reduce the nd force of contraction, resulting in a lowering of blood pressure.
ch of the following is a characteristic of alpha-adrenergic blocking age ncreased heart rate
onstriction of blood vessels imulation of gastrointestinal motility ecreased blood pressure
Anticholinergic agents
C
B
Ans
Expl s, are
used
nore heart
rate a
Whi nts?
I
C
St
D
Answer: D
Explanation: Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents block the alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasodilation and decreased peripheral vascular resistance. This results in decreased blood pressure.
Which of the following is a common side effect of anticholinergic agents?
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Bronchoconstriction
wer: D
anation: Anticholinergic agents can cause a variety of side effects, ding constipation. They inhibit the actions of acetylcholine in the bod h can lead to decreased gastrointestinal motility.
ch of the following drug classes is commonly used to treat symptoms o eimer's disease?
holinergic agents enzodiazepines nalgesics
on-Barbiturate, Non-Benzodiazepine Sedative-Hypnotic Agents
Constipation Ans
Expl
inclu y,
whic
Whi f
Alzh
C
B
A
N
Answer: A
Explanation: Cholinergic agents, such as donepezil, are commonly used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. They increase acetylcholine levels in the brain, which can help improve memory and cognitive function.
Which class of drugs is used to counteract the effects of excessive acetylcholine activity and is commonly used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease?
Anticholinergic agents
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
Cholinergic agents
wer: A
anation: Anticholinergic agents block the effects of acetylcholine and monly used to counteract the excessive acetylcholine activity seen in inson's disease. These drugs help reduce tremors, muscle stiffness, an
motor symptoms associated with the condition.
ary retention refers to the inability to: ontrol urination voluntarily
oduce urine
nse the need to urinate mpty the bladder completely
wer: D
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents Ans
Expl are
com
Park d
other Que Urin
c
pr
se
e Ans
Explanation: Urinary retention is a condition in which an individual is unable to completely empty their bladder. It can be caused by various factors, such as bladder muscle dysfunction, nerve damage, or obstructions in the urinary tract. The inability to empty the bladder completely can lead to discomfort, urinary urgency, and an increased risk of urinary tract infections.
Which of the following is an example of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Enlarged prostate
Urethral stricture
Pyelonephritis
wer: C
anation: Pyelonephritis refers to a UTI that involves the kidneys. It is acterized by inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis and kidney
e. Enlarged prostate, urethral stricture, and renal calculi are not specifi and represent other urological conditions.
ch of the following medications is commonly used as a sedative-hypn evothyroxine
etformin orazepam arfarin
Renal calculi
Ans Expl
char
tissu c to
UTIs
Whi otic?
L
M
L
W
Answer: C
Explanation: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used as a sedative-hypnotic. It has sedative, anxiolytic, and muscle-relaxant properties and is often prescribed for anxiety and insomnia. Metformin, levothyroxine, and warfarin are not sedative-hypnotic drugs.
Which of the following is a potential complication of urinary retention?
Urinary incontinence
ematuria enal failure
wer: B
anation: Urinary retention refers to the inability to empty the bladder pletely. This can lead to urinary tract infections as the stagnant urine ides a breeding ground for bacteria. Urinary incontinence, hematuria, a failure are not direct complications of urinary retention.
ch of the following is NOT a common symptom of urinary tract infect s)?
ysuria olyuria
Urinary tract infection
H
R
Ans Expl
com
prov nd
renal
Whi ions
(UTI
D
P
Hematuria
Urgency
Answer: B
Explanation: Polyuria is not a common symptom of urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Dysuria (painful urination), hematuria (blood in the urine), and urgency (sudden and strong need to urinate) are common symptoms associated with UTIs. Polyuria refers to excessive urination, which is not typically seen as a primary symptom of a UTI.
romote relaxation?
drenergic agents
on-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents nalgesics
enzodiazepines wer: D
anation: Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as seda otics. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter calle ma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps induce sleep, reduce anxi romote relaxation.
ch of the following medications is commonly used to treat overactive der (OAB)?
Which class of drugs is commonly used as sedative-hypnotics to induce sleep and p
A
N
A
B
Ans
Expl tive-
hypn d
gam ety,
and p
Whi blad
Metoprolol
Furosemide
Oxybutynin
Lisinopril
Answer: C
Explanation: Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat overactive bladder (OAB). It helps relax the bladder muscles, reducing urinary urgency and frequency.
ch of the following is NOT a characteristic of the central nervous syst S)?
consists of the brain and spinal cord. regulates autonomic functions. controls voluntary movements.
is responsible for processing sensory information. wer: B
anation: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and s nd is responsible for processing sensory information, controlling
ntary movements, and coordinating various bodily functions. Howeve ation of autonomic functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and respir imarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system, which is a divisi eripheral nervous system.
Whi em
(CN
It
It
It
It
Ans
Expl pinal
cord a
volu r, the
regul ation,
is pr on of
the p