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Nursing

NNCC-CDN

NNCC Certified Dialysis Nurse

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Question: 1

What is the primary purpose of hemodialysis in the treatment of renal failure?

To improve kidney function
To restore electrolyte balance
To remove excess fluid from the body

wer: C

anation: Hemodialysis is a process of removing waste products, exces and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are unable to perform th ions adequately. Its primary purpose is to remove excess fluid from t

stion: 2

ch of the following statements is true regarding the pre-dialysis educat patient undergoing hemodialysis?

re-dialysis education helps patients understand the importance of cation adherence.
re-dialysis education primarily focuses on the technical aspects of the sis procedure.
To provide a blood supply to the kidneys

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medi
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dialy
Pre-dialysis education is not necessary for patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Pre-dialysis education is provided only to patients who will receive a kidney transplant.

mize treatment outcomes.

stion: 3

ch of the following statements is true regarding the use of arterioveno as (AVFs) in hemodialysis?

VFs provide immediate access for dialysis.

VFs are primarily used for temporary vascular access.

VFs have a higher risk of infection compared to central venous cathet VFs are created by connecting an artery to a vein.

anation: The correct statement regarding the use of arteriovenous fistu Fs) in hemodialysis is that AVFs are created by connecting an artery t AVFs are the preferred type of vascular access for long-term

odialysis treatment. They are surgically created by connecting an arter

Explanation: The true statement regarding the pre-dialysis education for a patient undergoing hemodialysis is that pre-dialysis education helps patients understand the importance of medication adherence. Pre-dialysis education is a critical component of the comprehensive care provided to patients with end- stage renal disease. It aims to empower patients with knowledge and skills to actively participate in their care. Education covers various aspects, including diet and fluid restrictions, vascular access care, recognizing and managing complications, and understanding the importance of medication adherence to opti

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A
A
A ers.
A

usually in the forearm, with a nearby vein. AVFs require time to mature before they can be used for dialysis, but they offer several advantages over other vascular access options, including lower infection rates, improved long-term patency, and better preservation of veins.

Which of the following is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis compared to hemodialysis?

Requires fewer dietary restrictions
Suitable for patients with severe cardiovascular disease
Less risk of peritonitis
wer: D

anation: An advantage of peritoneal dialysis compared to hemodialysi provides better control of fluid balance. Peritoneal dialysis involves ion of dialysis solution into the peritoneal cavity, where it dwells and ws the exchange of waste products and excess fluid. The continuous n ritoneal dialysis allows for more frequent exchanges throughout the d iding better fluid removal and control. This is particularly beneficial f nts who have difficulty tolerating large fluid shifts, such as those with
estive heart failure.

stion: 5

ch immunosuppressive medication is commonly used to prevent graft tion after kidney transplantation?

rednisone isinopril
Provides better control of fluid balance Ans

Que

P
L
Metformin
Cyclosporine Answer: D

Explanation: Cyclosporine is a commonly used immunosuppressive medication to prevent graft rejection after kidney transplantation. It works by suppressing

the immune system's response to the transplanted organ.

Question: 6

What is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide?

Glomerulonephritis
iabetes mellitus olycystic kidney disease

wer: C

anation: Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end-stage renal dise dwide. Chronic uncontrolled diabetes can lead to kidney damage over resulting in the need for renal replacement therapy such as dialysis or plantation.

stion: 7

ch of the following is a potential complication associated with kidney plantation?

astrointestinal bleeding
Hypertension
D
P

worl time, trans

Que

G
Hyperthyroidism
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hypertension Answer: D

transplantation. Hypertension can develop or worsen after kidney transplantation due to various factors, including immunosuppressive medications, changes in renal function, and pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors. It is important to manage hypertension post-transplantation to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and preserve the health and function of the transplanted kidney.

is the most common type of kidney transplant? iving-related donor transplant

BO-incompatible transplant aired exchange transplant eceased donor transplant

anation: Deceased donor transplant, where the kidney is obtained fro ased individual, is the most common type of kidney transplant.

stion: 9

ch of the following is an immunosuppressant medication commonly u ey transplantation?

L
A
P
D

Que

Metformin
Prednisone
Lisinopril
Atorvastatin

stion: 10

ch of the following is considered to be the most significant side effect mbinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO)?

ypertension eadaches ausea/vomiting dema

anation: The most significant side effect of recombinant human ropoietin (rHuEPO) is hypertension. rHuEPO is commonly used to ulate red blood cell production in patients with renal failure. However, adverse effects is an increase in blood pressure. This occurs due to th

Explanation: Prednisone is an immunosuppressant medication commonly used in kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation involves transplanting a healthy kidney from a donor into a recipient with end-stage renal disease. To prevent organ rejection, immunosuppressive drugs are prescribed. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune system's response, reducing the risk of rejection. It is often used in combination with other immunosuppressant medications to achieve optimal outcomes in kidney transplantation.

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H
N
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erythropoietin-induced expansion of blood volume and increased viscosity. Hypertension is a concern in dialysis patients as it can lead to cardiovascular complications and worsen the progression of renal failure.

Question: 11

Obstruction of the renal pelvis
Renal artery stenosis
Acute tubular necrosis
Polycystic kidney disease

anation: Acute tubular necrosis refers to damage to the tubular cells of eys, which can result from ischemia, toxins, or sepsis. It is an exampl trinsic cause of renal failure.

stion: 12

ng hemodialysis, which of the following parameters is monitored to a dequacy of dialysis?

erum creatinine level

lood urea nitrogen (BUN) level lood pressure

erum albumin level

Que

S
B
B
S

Explanation: The adequacy of dialysis during hemodialysis is commonly assessed by monitoring the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. BUN is a waste product that is filtered by the kidneys. Elevated levels of BUN indicate that an adequate clearance of waste products is not occurring during dialysis, suggesting inadequate dialysis. Monitoring the BUN level helps evaluate the effectiveness of dialysis treatment and determine if adjustments are needed to optimize clearance.

Question: 13

Which of the following is a potential complication of peritoneal dialysis?

Hypokalemia
Peritonitis
espiratory alkalosis

wer: B

anation: Peritonitis, or inflammation of the peritoneum, is a potential plication of peritoneal dialysis. It can occur due to infection or amination of the dialysis fluid.

stion: 14

ch of the following laboratory findings is commonly observed in a pat hronic renal failure?

ypercalcemia ypokalemia yponatremia yperphosphatemia
Hypoglycemia
R

Que

H
H
H
H

Explanation: Hyperphosphatemia is commonly observed in a patient with chronic renal failure. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively excrete phosphorus, leading to its accumulation in the blood. Elevated levels of phosphorus can have several adverse effects, including the

formation of calcium-phosphate deposits in various tissues, such as blood vessels and joints. Hyperphosphatemia is managed through dietary restrictions, phosphate binders, and dialysis to maintain phosphorus levels within the target range.

Question: 15

requires the use of a dialysis machine.

utilizes the peritoneum as a dialyzing membrane. involves the insertion of a catheter into the bladder. is primarily used for long-term dialysis treatment.

anation: Peritoneal dialysis involves the use of the peritoneum, a thin brane lining the abdominal cavity, as a dialyzing membrane. Dialysis roduced into the peritoneal cavity, and waste products and excess flui hrough the peritoneum into the dialysis fluid.

stion: 16

ch of the following is a potential complication of hemodialysis?

Which of the following is a characteristic of peritoneal dialysis?

It
It
It
It

pass t Que Whi

Metabolic alkalosis
Hyperkalemia
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia

Explanation: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is a common complication of hemodialysis. The rapid removal of fluid during the procedure can cause a drop in blood pressure.

Question: 17

ypotension emolysis yperkalemia eritonitis

anation: A potential complication associated with peritoneal dialysis i onitis. Peritonitis refers to an infection of the peritoneal cavity, which pace where the dialysis solution is infused and dwell during peritonea sis. It can occur due to contamination during the dialysis procedure or exit site or tunnel infections. Peritonitis is a serious complication that res prompt medical attention and appropriate antibiotic therapy to pre er complications and preserve peritoneal membrane function.

stion: 18

Which of the following is a potential complication associated with peritoneal dialy

H
H
H
P

Que

Which of the following is a potential complication of kidney transplantation?

Graft rejection
Hypercalcemia
Acute tubular necrosis
Metabolic acidosis

stion: 19

ch of the following is a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis? ncontrolled hypertension

nd-stage renal disease iabetes mellitus

revious abdominal surgery wer: D

anation: Previous abdominal surgery can be a contraindication for oneal dialysis. Adhesions or scarring from the surgery may interfere w ffectiveness of the procedure or increase the risk of complications.

Explanation: Graft rejection is a potential complication of kidney transplantation. The recipient's immune system may recognize the transplanted kidney as foreign and mount an immune response, leading to rejection of the organ.

Que

U
E
D
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