Which of the following statements is true regarding the primary care of individuals living with HIV? 
A. Primary care for individuals with HIV can be provided by any healthcare professional. 
B. Primary care for individuals with HIV focuses solely on managing HIV-related symptoms. 
C. Primary care for individuals with HIV does not involve routine preventive care measures. 
D. Primary care for individuals with HIV includes monitoring and management of comorbid conditions. 
Answer: D 
Explanation: Primary care for individuals with HIVincludes monitoring and management of comorbid conditions. HIV is a chronic condition that can affect various organ systems and increase the risk of developing other health conditions. Therefore, primary care for individuals with HIV involves not only managing HIV-related symptoms but also addressing and monitoring other health conditions that may coexist, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and mental health disorders. 
Question: 2 
Which of the following tests is used to monitor the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in individuals living with HIV? 
A. CD4 count 
B. Blood glucose test 
C. Lipid profile 
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Answer: A 
Explanation: CD4 count is a test used to monitor the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in individuals living with HIV. CD4 cells, also known as T-helper cells, are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. Monitoring the CD4 count provides important information about the immune status and helps determine the need for continued treatment and preventive measures. 

Question: 3 
Which of the following statements is true regarding the transmission of HIV? 
A. HIV can be transmitted through casual contact, such as hugging or shaking hands. 
B. HIV can be transmitted through mosquito bites. 
C. HIV can be transmitted through sharing food or drinks. 
D. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. 
Answer: D 
Explanation: HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. The virus can be present in certain bodily fluids, including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Unprotected sexual intercourse, particularly vaginal or anal sex without a barrier method or the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), can lead to the transmission of HIV between partners. 

Question: 4 
Which of the following statements is true regarding antiretroviral therapy (ART)? 
A. ART can cure HIV infection. 
B. ART prevents the transmission of HIV. 
C. ART is only recommended for pregnant women with HIV. 
D. ART is not effective in treating HIV-related complications. 
Answer: B 
Explanation: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a combination of medications used to treat HIV infection. While ART cannot cure HIV, it is highly effective in suppressing the virus and slowing down the progression of the disease. Additionally, when taken consistently and correctly, ART can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partners. 

Question: 5 
Which of the following is an effective method of HIV prevention? 
A. Condom use 
B. Hand hygiene 
C. Physical exercise 
D. Herbal supplements 
Answer: A 
Explanation: Condom use is an effective method of HIV prevention. Correct and consistent use of condoms during sexual activity can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission. Condoms act as a barrier, preventing the exchange of bodily fluids that may contain the virus. It is important to note that condoms only provide protection when used correctly and consistently. 
Question: 6 
Which of the following is a co-occurring condition commonly seen in A. Diabetes mellitus 
B. Hypertension 
C. Osteoarthritis 
D. Hepatitis C 
Answer: D 
Explanation: Hepatitis C is a co-occurring condition commonly seen in individuals living with HIV. Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver and can be transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, such as sharing needles for drug use. People who are co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C may experience more rapid liver disease progression and have increased health risks. 

Question: 7 
Which of the following is an opportunistic infection commonly associated with advanced HIV infection? 
A. Tuberculosis (TB) 
B. Influenza 
C. Malaria 
D. Urinary tract infection (UTI) 
Answer: A 
Explanation: Tuberculosis is an opportunistic infection commonly associated with advanced HIV infection. People with advanced HIV have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections such as TB. TB is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. 
Which of the following is considered a key population in the context of HIV/AIDS? 
A. Healthcare workers 
B. Adolescents 
C. Elderly individuals 
D. Individuals with diabetes 
Answer: B 
Explanation: Key populations in the context of HIV/AIDS refer to groups of people who are at higher risk of HIV infection or face barriers to accessing HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services. Adolescents are considered a key population due to factors such as limited access to comprehensive sexual education, increased vulnerability to risky behaviors, and barriers to healthcare services. 

Question: 9 
Which of the following tests is commonly used for HIV screening? 
A. ELISA 
B. Western blot 
C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
D. Rapid antibody test 
Answer: A 
Explanation: ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a commonly used screening test for HIV. It detects antibodies produced by the body in response to HIV infection. ELISA is highly sensitive and is often the initial test