Question: 1 Evidence collection and audit readiness in DevSecOps primarily involves: A. Implementing intrusion detection systems B. Conducting vulnerability scans C. Documenting security controls and procedures D. Performing regular penetration testing Answer: C Explanation: Evidence collection and audit readiness in DevSecOps involve documenting security controls and procedures. This includes maintaining a record of security measures implemented, documenting security policies and guidelines, and keeping a log of security-related events and actions taken. These documented evidences help demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements and provide a basis for audits and assessments of the security posture. Question: 2 Which of the following is NOT a typical responsibility of DevSecOps functional operations? A. Implementing security monitoring and incident response processes B. Managing access controls and permissions for development environments C. Conducting code reviews and static code analysis D. Designing and implementing software architecture Answer: D Explanation: DevSecOps functional operations primarily focus on operational activities related to security in the software development lifecycle. This includes implementing security monitoring and incident response processes, managing access controls and permissions for development environments, and conducting code reviews and static code analysis to identify security vulnerabilities. Designing and implementing software architecture is typically the responsibility of software architects and development teams, rather than the operational aspects of DevSecOps. Question: 3 Which deployment strategy involves deploying new software versions to a limited subset of users before rolling it out to the entire user base? A. Blue-green deployment B. Canary deployment C. Rolling deployment D. Dark launch deployment Answer: B Explanation: Canary deployment is a deployment strategy that involves releasing new software versions to a small subset of users or servers before making it available to the entire user base. This allows for testing and validation of the new version in a real-world environment with limited impact. By gradually increasing the exposure to the new version, issues and bugs can be detected early, and the deployment can be rolled back if necessary, minimizing the impact on the overall system. Question: 4 Which of the following is a key benefit of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC)? A. Improved developer productivity B. Elimination of security vulnerabilities C. Reduction in software testing efforts D. Increased scalability of applications Answer: A Explanation: One of the key benefits of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is improved developer productivity. With IaC, infrastructure resources can be provisioned and managed programmatically using code or configuration files. This automation eliminates the need for manual provisioning and configuration, reducing the time and effort required from developers. Developers can define and deploy infrastructure resources quickly and consistently, enabling them to focus more on application development rather than infrastructure management. Question: 5 Which of the following best describes Infrastructure as Code (IaC)? A. A coding practice focused on securing infrastructure components B. A set of security standards for cloud-based infrastructure C. A methodology for managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable definition files D. A framework for automating software deployment processes Answer: C Explanation: Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a methodology for managing and provisioning infrastructure resources through machine-readable definition files. With IaC, infrastructure components such as servers, networks, and storage are defined and configured using code or configuration files. These files can be version-controlled, tested, and deployed as part of the software development lifecycle. IaC enables consistent, repeatable, and automated infrastructure provisioning, reducing manual errors and improving the overall stability and security of the infrastructure. Question: 6 Which of the following best describes the primary objective of DevSecOps? A. Maximizing development speed at the expense of security B. Integrating security practices into the software development lifecycle C. Minimizing operational costs by eliminating security measures D. Prioritizing security over development and operations processes Answer: B Explanation: The primary objective of DevSecOps is to integrate security practices into the software development lifecycle. It aims to ensure that security is considered and implemented throughout the entire development process, rather than being an afterthought or a separate phase. This approach helps to identify and address security issues early on, improving overall software security and reducing the risk of vulnerabilities and breaches. Question: 7 What is the primary purpose of evidence collection and audit readiness in DevSecOps? A. To identify security vulnerabilities in the software B. To demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements C. To automate the deployment of software applications D. To optimize the performance of the infrastructure Answer: B Explanation: The primary purpose of evidence collection and audit readiness in DevSecOps is to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements. By documenting security controls and procedures, maintaining logs of security-related events, and conducting regular assessments, organizations can provide evidence of their adherence to security standards and regulations. This evidence is crucial during audits and assessments to demonstrate that the necessary security measures are in place and being followed. Question: 8 Which deployment strategy involves deploying multiple versions of an application simultaneously and routing traffic based on predefined rules? A. Blue-green deployment B. Canary deployment C. Rolling deployment D. A/B testing deployment Answer: A Explanation: Blue-green deployment is a deployment strategy that involves deploying multiple versions of an application simultaneously and routing traffic based on predefined rules. In this strategy, the existing production environment (blue) continues to serve the live traffic while the new version (green) is deployed and tested. Once the green version is deemed stable, the traffic routing is switched from the blue environment to the green environment. Blue-green deployment allows for seamless rollbacks in case of issues and provides a high degree of control over the deployment process. Question: 9 Which deployment strategy involves gradually replacing the old version of an application with a new version by deploying updates to a subset of servers or instances at a time? A. Blue-green deployment B. Canary deployment C. Rolling deployment D. A/B testing deployment Answer: C Explanation: Rolling deployment is a deployment strategy that involves gradually replacing the old version of an application with a new version by deploying updates to a subset of servers or instances at a time. In this strategy, the deployment is done incrementally, with each update being rolled out to a portion of the infrastructure while the rest continues to serve live traffic. This approach minimizes the impact on the overall system and allows for continuous availability during the deployment process.