Pediatric-Urology Exam Format | Pediatric-Urology Course Contents | Pediatric-Urology Course Outline | Pediatric-Urology Exam Syllabus | Pediatric-Urology Exam Objectives

- Anatomy - Core Competency - Radiation Safety - Patient Safety include (DVT, antibiotic prophylaxis, opioid addiction) - Ultrasound Techniques - Radiation Safety - Ethics - Basic Statistics - Fluid and Electrolyte management in children (3 questions) - Infection & Inflammatory processes involving GU Tract - UTI- Dx and management - Rx and significance of reinfection vs relapsing UTI - Pyelonephritis – Diagnosis and management - Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis - Kidney Abscess - Kidney scarring –Diagnosis and associated complications - Henoch- Schonlein -Urologic manifestations - Crohn’s Disease – Urologic manifestations - Lichen Sclerosis- Diagnosis and treatment - Epididymitis Diagnosis and treatment - Funguria – Diagnosis and treatment - Balanoposthitis, Phimosis – Diagnosis and treatment - Pediatric Vulvovaginitis - Vaginal adhesions – Treatment - Sexual Transmitted Disease in adolescence - HPV vaccine - Antibiotic prophylaxis - Infections in urachal remnant and/or utricle - Trauma - Post renal trauma follow up, HTN, imaging guidelines. - Testicular trauma - Post circumcision injury - Traumatic urethral stricture management - Penetrating trauma - Transplant, Preop Evaluation, Complications - Cloacal anomalies- common Urogenital sinus management - Congenital adrenal Hyperplasia - Cryptorchidism (anorchia) - Disorders of Sexual Differentiation - Ectopic Ureters - Epispadias-Exstrophy Complex - Epididymal and Vasal anomalies - Vasal agenesis- cystic fibrosis - Gender dysmorphia - Hydrocele - Hydroculpos (Mullerian Duct abnormalities) - Hypospadias - Enlarged prostatic utricle - Imperforate Anus – associated GU anomalies - Prune Belly Syndrome - Congenital megalourethra - Testicular torsion (neonatal and Intravaginal) - Renal Agenesis - Renal Fusion anomalies - Horseshoe kidneys cross fused ectopy - Renal cystic disease of childhood - Multicystic dysplastic kidneys - Autosomal recessive kidney disease - Autosomal dominant kidney disease - Urachal Abnormalities - Varicoceles - Vesicoureteral reflux - Robotic complications of VUR surgery - Procedures for failed reimplant or subureteric implant - Antenatal Hydronephosis - Differential Diagnosis and treatment - Complications of in utero management - Posterior and anterior urethral valves Diagnosis and treatment - Vesicostomy when to do and complications of vesicostomy - Primary Obstructing Megaureter Diagnosis and treatment - UPJ obstruction Diagnosis and treatment - Ureteroceles – Diagnosis and treatment - Duplex system, management of VUR - Single system - Physiologic alterations from obstruction - Post-obstructive diuresis – Diagnosis and treatment - Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus - Neurogenic Bladder and Voiding Dysfunction - Dx –UDS assessment of Neurogenic bladder - Etiologies of Neurogenic bladder in children - Cerebral palsy - Diagnosis and treatment - Spina bifida - Diagnosis and treatment, prenatal risk factors - Spinal cord injuries - Diagnosis and treatment - Tethered Cord - Diagnosis and treatment - Pharmacologic and Surgical treatment Neurogenic bladder - Urodynamics interpretation - CIC - Overnight catheter drainage - Antimuscuranics - Onobotulinum Toxin - Bladder and Bowel dysfunction - Diagnosis and treatment - Neural Stimulation - Sacral Nerve stimulation - Percutaneous Tibial nerve stimulation - Management of Neurogenic Bowel - Bowel Irrigations - ACE indications and complications - Pediatric Neoplasms/Urinary diversion - Neoplasms (Benign and Malignant) - Renal - Mesoblastic Nephroma - Wilms tumors – Diagnosis and treatment - Congenital anomalies associated with Wilms Tumors e.g., Deny Drash, Aniridia, Hemihypertrophy - Clear Cell Sarcoma of the kidney – Diagnosis and treatment - Rhabdoid tumor of kidney: Diagnosis and treatment - Tuberous sclerosis- angiomyolipoma - Von Hippel Landau - Renal cell carcinoma of childhood - Testicular tumors of childhood and adolescence: Diagnosis and treatment - Yolk sac - Teratoma - NSGC tumors in post pubertal patient - stromal tumors (Leydig cell tumors) - Adrenal rest in congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Epidermoid cysts - Rhabdomyosarcoma: Diagnosis and treatment - Bladder and prostate - spermatic cord - vagina (sarcoma botyroides) - Urinary Diversions and Augmentations - Indications and segments used for bladder augmentation - Complications of augmentations - Rupture - Electrolyte and vitamin abnormalities - Renal Preservation - Bladder stones management and prevention - Assessment of post augment urinary incontinence - Complications and management of continent stomas - Bladder Neck reconstruction or slings with or without augmentation - Vesicostomy management of complications - Indication and complications of urinary conduits. - Artificial Urinary Sphincter- Indications and complications - Endourology, Nephrology and Lap/Robotic complications - Nephrolithiasis- Rx - Percutaneous nephrolithotomy – indications and technique - ECSWL – indications - Ureteroscopy indications and technique - Recommended follow-up after stone removal - Metabolic work-up for stone disease - Dx and Rx based on metabolic work up - Heredity (genetic) causes for nephrolithiasis - Nephrology - Microscopic hematuria(workup) - Gross hematuria of Neonate – Diagnosis and treatment - Hypercalciuria of infancy - Renal Vein thrombosis - Renal Artery Thrombosis - Proteinuria – Diagnosis and significance - Identification of glomerulonephritis - Casts- Crenated RBC - Post infectious GMN - COMMON NEPHROTOXIC MEDICATIONS in pediatrics - Complications of Endourology and Laparoscopy-Robotics - Ureteral stricture post ureteroscopy – Diagnosis and treatment - Ureteral perforation – Diagnosis and treatment - PCN complications - Bleeding - Bowel perforation - Urinoma - ESWL- complications - Robotic and laparoscopic common complications - Diminished blood flow - Reduced urine output - Air embolism - Complications of trocar placement - Management of failed robotic case/urine leak/bowel injury